Enlarged Obsequies
The gravediggers' express resentment at what appears to them to be the
privilege of the upper classes to obtain concessions from the law which
are not available to the common people. While the over-all statistics from
the period do not support this suspicion, there does appear to be evidence
that the "great folk" have obtained special intervention in this
particular case. Ophelia is allowed a Christian burial, but her rites are
"maimèd." Much to the objection of Laertes, the ceremony
has been shortened.
LAERTES: What ceremony else? DOCTOR: Her obsequies have been as far enlarged As we have warrenty. Her death was doubtful, And, but that great command o'ersways the order, She should in ground unsanctified been lodged Till the last trumpet. For charitable prayers, Shards, flints, and pebbles should be thrown on her. Yet here she is allowed her virgin crants, Her maiden strewments, and the bringing home Of bell and burial. LAERTES: Must there no more be done? DOCTOR: No more be done. We should profane the service of the dead To sing a requiem and such rest to her As to peace-parted souls. LAERTES: Lay her i' th' earth, And from her fair and unpolluted flesh May violets spring! I tell thee, churlish priest, A minist'ring angel shall my sister be When thou liest howling! (V.i.227-244) |
There is little question from the Priest/Doctor's speech that Ophelia has
received special considerations that stretch the rules that govern church
burials. The common understanding is that either the coroner or the coroner's
inquest has come up with a lenient judgment. However, the priest's allusion
to "that great command" which "o'ersways the order"
suggests another alternative which is supported by Lee Anne Rappold in Hamlet
and the Elizabethan Common Law. She argues that the coroner's inquest
delivered a probable verdict of felo de se but that a special order
from on high served to override that finding. While the "great command"
is normally taken to refer to the coroner's order which is delivered to
the ministers and church wardens of a parish concerning the burial, Ms.
Rappold believes that it refers to a "warrantie" which serves
to inlarge her "obsequies." She points out that the First Quarto
text, Claudius and Laertes directly indicated as the source of that special
consideration.
Priest: [to Laertes] And but for favour to the king, and you, She had beene buried in the open fieldes, Where now she is allowed christian buriall. - (First Quarto, 1603) |